Photodynamic Therapy
Photodynamic therapy, also known as PDT, is a light activated treatment that can address active acne, actinic keratoses, sun damaged cells, and selected superficial skin concerns.
At Cosmetic Laser Dermatology in San Diego, PDT treatments are performed by board-certified dermatologists with extensive experience using advanced laser and light technologies.
What Is Photodynamic Therapy?
This treatment combines a topical photosensitizing medication, such as aminolevulinic acid, with a controlled light source or sources. During ALA photodynamic therapy, the medication is allowed to absorb into targeted cells and oil glands before it is activated with light. The resulting photochemical reaction allows PDT to treat active acne, precancerous changes, sun damaged cells, and select superficial skin cancer and pre-skin cancers without oral medication or surgery.
Photodynamic Therapy for Acne, Sun Damage, and Precancerous Spots
Photodynamic Therapy Can Help with Acne
Discover the Best Laser Treatment for Acne
Reveal Healthier, Clearer Skin with Photodynamic Therapy
Treat Sun Damage and Precancerous Spots
Target and remove sun-damaged or precancerous cells for smoother, more even, and healthier-looking skin.
Clear Acne and Breakouts
Destroy acne-causing bacteria at the source to prevent future breakouts and promote clearer, healthier skin. Cosmetic Laser Dermatology was the principal clinical site to coordinate an FDA study leading to the approval for PDT in treating acne.
Treat Early Superficial Skin Cancers
Treat early forms of skin cancer such as superficial basal cell carcinoma and superficial squamous cell carcinoma. Cosmetic Laser Dermatology was the principal clinical site to coordinate an FDA study leading to the approval for PDT in treating superficial skin cancers.
Improve Skin Tone and Texture
Refine rough or uneven skin while boosting radiance and clarity for a visibly rejuvenated glow.
Stimulate Natural Healing and Renewal
Activate your skin’s self-repair process to regenerate fresh, new cells and long-term improvements in skin health.
Photodynamic Therapy Before and After
What Does Photodynamic Therapy Treat?
PDT can address both medical and cosmetic skin concerns, including active acne, excess oil production, actinic keratoses, superficial non-melanoma skin cancer and widespread sun damaged cells. The conditions treated and the type of light used depend on the patient’s diagnosis, skin characteristics, and treatment goals.
Acne and Excess Oil
Photodynamic therapy for acne targets several factors that contribute to persistent breakouts. The light activated treatment may reduce sebaceous gland activity, calm acne related inflammation, and decrease acne causing bacteria within the skin.
PDT may be considered when acne has not improved sufficiently with topical products, oral medication, or other conventional treatments. Depending on the type and severity of acne, our dermatologists may also recommend the Accure laser, medical grade skincare, chemical peels, or other acne treatments.
Patients who want to learn more about treatment options that do not rely on isotretinoin can also explore our guide to alternatives to Accutane.
Actinic Keratoses and Sun Damaged Cells
PDT is commonly used to treat actinic keratoses, which are rough or scaly precancerous growths caused by cumulative ultraviolet exposure. Because sun damage may affect a broader area than the individual spots visible on the surface, photodynamic therapy can be used to address multiple damaged cells across a treatment field. In addition, new research performed at our research institute amongst other research sites demonstrated that PDT can also be used to effectively treat superficial non-melanoma skin cancers like superficial basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in situ.
Any new, changing, bleeding, or suspicious lesion should first be evaluated by a board-certified dermatologist. A skin examination allows the dermatologist to determine whether PDT is appropriate or whether a biopsy or another form of treatment is needed.
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I trust Farzaneh Momeni completely with my skin. She is by far the best clinical aesthetician I’ve ever known. My skin has improved dramatically since I began monthly facials with her. Her treatments are 100% results-driven so if this is what you seek, look no further. Also, the entire Team at West Dermatology are top-notch. They’re always friendly, professional, & helpful, & greet everyone with a smile. 10 Stars all around!
My new regular cosmetic dermatology office. Dr Zubair is amazing and really patient with me. He has helped me over the last year with keloid scar removal, jaw Botox, and full facial acne scar treatment (ultra clear). The office is clean and the nursing/medical assistant staff is accommodating on all levels. I will always recommend this office and Dr Zubair to friends and family.
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I live in Orange County and drove all the way out to see Dr. Wu because a friend of mine referred him (she had amazing results from her face and neck procedure). Dr. Wu is truly an artist! He made me feel extremely comfortable during my procedure. I was anxious when I got there, but he (and his staff) have such great energy and are so very kind and gentle that you can't help but feel at ease! The office was immaculate and they adhered to covid rules (sanitizing, temp checks, masks). This is my go-to place from now on and Dr. Wu is my go-to guy! Can't wait to see my final results! Thank you Phyllis (pre-op) for being so wonderful and informative! You were so very helpful and kind! I'll definitely be back!
Leysin and the entire team at Cosmetic Laser Dermatology are fantastic. They are professional, caring and communicative. The laser treatment was comfortable, efficient and effective! I highly recommend this practice. I definitely will come back and recommend her and Cosmetic Laser Dermatology to my family and friends.
Dr. Goldman is amazing! I came here for my permanent eyeliner removal (which is not offered anywhere near me), and they are completely removed in just one session. They use a special contact lens to protect your eyes from the laser, and there are no damages to my eyelashes. The healing was also nice and smooth. They have everything you need. I live almost 3 hours away, but it was totally worth the trip. For anyone who is looking to remove their permanent makeup, this is the right place to go :)-
Dr. Butterwick is fantastic, all of her team as well. They make sure your experience is pleasant and painless as possible. My tattoo removal and my injectables look amazing. I highly recommend her for any skin treatment.
Cosmetic Laser Dermatology was recommended to me by my dermatologist. He recommended Dr. Monica Boen. I'm so glad I took his recommendation. Everyone here at Cosmetic Laser Dermatology was super nice and friendly. Very welcoming. I came here for hair removal treatment. I did 4 sessions with Dr. Boen. Dr. Boen made me feel so comfortable and at ease when I talked to her. She explained everything before she did my treatment. I loved that. She was really easy to talk to. I definitely will come back and recommend her and Cosmetic Laser Dermatology to my family and friends.
This office is awesome. My visit today was with Dr. Groff. His bed side manner is so fun and welcoming. He understood my concerns and recommended a treatment plan that I feel was reasonable. I love his staff! They take there time to make sure you understand the treatment and after care. Everyone in the office, from the front desk to the nurses in the back, are so friendly and beautiful. They are very prompt and I trust my care with CLD. I can't wait for my next visit. See you guys in a few weeks!
"Dr. Sabrina Fabi is genius! Her technique is unlike anyone, her eye is precise, and her kindness and caring manner comes from the depth of her soul. She's simply brilliant! It's no wonder people travel the country just to be treated by her."
I wish I could give them 10 stars! I had such an awesome experience for my first visit and I am referring everyone I know to this office. From the super friendly staff to the state of the art procedures, they are the cream of the crop.
“I came to participate in a research study. All of the Doctors and staff at C.L. Dermatology are very professional, warm and friendly. All our my needs were anticipated and the hospitality of this office is like a five star hotel.”
Can PDT Help Prevent Acne Scars?
Controlling active inflammatory acne with PDT may help reduce the risk of new acne scars by limiting the deeper inflammation that can damage supporting skin structures. However, photodynamic therapy does not replace treatments designed to improve established ice pick, boxcar, rolling, or raised acne scars.
Once active breakouts are under control, our board-certified dermatologists may recommend laser resurfacing, RF microneedling, subcision, dermal fillers, or a combination treatment based on the type and depth of the scars. Laser, light, and energy devices may enhance fibroblastic function and support hyaluronic acid, collagen, and elastic fiber production, gradually improving the appearance and quality of scarred skin.
Explore acne scar treatments in San Diego to learn how Cosmetic Laser Dermatology addresses different scar patterns.
What Happens During Photodynamic Therapy?
Photodynamic therapy at Cosmetic Laser Dermatology is a multi-step treatment designed to help target acne, congestion, sun damage, discoloration, precancerous spots, redness, uneven texture, and visible signs of aging with a carefully planned activation process.
Step 1: Prepare the Skin
The treatment begins with microdermabrasion to gently exfoliate the skin’s surface. This helps remove buildup and allows the skin to better receive the next step of treatment.
Step 2: Apply ALA
Next, ALA, a photosensitizing agent, is applied to the skin. ALA is absorbed by fast growing cells, including damaged cells and active acne related cells, making them more responsive to light based activation.
Step 3: Allow the ALA to Incubate
After application, the ALA is left on the skin for a set incubation period. This step gives the solution time to fully absorb into the targeted fast-growing cells before activation begins.
Step 4: Activate the Treatment
Once the skin is ready, individual lesions are first treated with a laser. Then, the entire face is treated with IPL, followed by blue and red light therapy across the full treatment area to enhance the therapeutic effect.
What to Expect After PDT Treatment
After treatment, patients may experience mild redness, swelling, warmth, and light peeling for several days, with symptoms typically peaking around 48 to 72 hours. It is best to avoid direct sun exposure for 24 to 48 hours after treatment and follow all post care instructions provided by your dermatologist.
As a leader in photodynamic therapy, Cosmetic Laser Dermatology offers expert PDT treatment guided by board certified dermatologists. Our medical director, Mitchel Goldman, MD, wrote the book on Photodynamic Therapy, helping patients receive advanced care backed by deep clinical experience.
Can Photodynamic Therapy Be an Accutane Alternative?
PDT may be considered as an Accutane alternative for selected patients with active acne, especially those who want to avoid systemic isotretinoin. Because PDT and Accutane work differently, our board-certified dermatologist should determine which option is most appropriate.
Acne type: PDT may be considered for inflammatory, persistent, or oil related acne.
Previous treatments: Response to topical products, oral medications, and other therapies helps guide the next step.
Medical history: Current medications, health conditions, and isotretinoin eligibility must be reviewed.
Skin sensitivity: Skin type, photosensitivity, and recovery tolerance may affect candidacy.
Treatment goals: Preferences regarding oral medication, office-based care, and downtime help shape the recommendation.
Learn more about PDT, Accure, and other alternatives to Accutane.
Why Choose Cosmetic Laser Dermatology for PDT?
Cosmetic Laser Dermatology combines clinical research, advanced technology, and physician directed care to provide comprehensive photodynamic therapy in San Diego. Rather than limiting every patient to the same activation method, our dermatologists can select from multiple laser and light technologies based on the diagnosis, treatment area, and desired clinical response.
Advanced Laser and Light Technology
With access to over 60 cutting-edge laser, light, and energy devices, we tailor each procedure using the safest and most effective laser or light energy for your specific skin needs. This allows our dermatologic surgeons the ability to combine multipole laser, light and energy based technologies to optimize treatment.
Pioneers in Research and Innovation
As global leaders in laser, light, and energy-based dermatology, our dermatologists have contributed to dozens of studies, driving advancements in Photodynamic Therapy and skin rejuvenation. We are principal investigators in FDA trials validating this treatment for acne, precancerous actinic keratoses and superficial basal and squamous cell carcinoma.
Comprehensive, Customized Care
Every PDT treatment plan is personalized, whether you’re targeting acne, repairing UV damage, or preventing future skin lesions, for optimal results and lasting clarity.
Proven Safety and Results
Our precision-based approach minimizes downtime while delivering visible, clinically proven improvements in skin tone, texture, and overall radiance.
Treatments Performed by our Board-Certified Dermatologists
Photodynamic therapy at Cosmetic Laser Dermatology is performed by our board-certified dermatologists. This physician led approach is especially important because PDT may be used for concerns ranging from inflammatory acne to precancerous skin changes.
During the consultation, your dermatologist will examine the treatment area, review your medical history, explain the expected recovery, and determine whether PDT, Accure, medication, or another treatment offers the most appropriate next step.
PDT Research and Clinical Leadership
Cosmetic Laser Dermatology has participated in clinical research over the past 30 years involving photodynamic therapy for pre skin cancers, superficial skin cancer and acne and continues to evaluate how light activated treatments can be used for acne, actinic keratoses, sun damaged cells, and selected dermatologic concerns.
This research experience gives our dermatologists a deeper understanding of photosensitizing medications, incubation periods, activation methods, patient selection, and recovery planning. All statements regarding specific FDA approvals or clinical study outcomes should be confirmed against the final physician approved research references before publication.
Expertise From Mitchel P. Goldman, MD
Mitchel P. Goldman, MD, is a recognized leader in cosmetic and laser dermatology with extensive experience researching, teaching, and writing about photodynamic therapy and other laser and light-based treatments. He has published the textbook on Photodynamic Therapy, now in its second edition in multiple languages.
Dr. Goldman has contributed to professional education involving PDT and has helped advance its clinical use for medical and cosmetic skin concerns. His experience supports the practice’s careful approach to selecting patients, planning treatment, and combining PDT with other technologies when appropriate.
What to Expect from Photodynamic Therapy
Cosmetic Laser Dermatology is San Diego’s leader in light-based skin rejuvenation. By choosing us, you can:
Receive Expert Care and Customization
Your dermatologist will exfoliate the treatment area and apply Aminolaevulinic Acid (ALA) for 1–3 hours of incubation. The solution is then activated using targeted laser, light, and energy devices based on your individual needs.
Experience Comfort During Treatment
Cold air and cool mist are applied during therapy to enhance comfort. You may feel mild tingling or warmth as the light activates the medication. Some patients also use Pronox, nitrous oxide to further decrease pain.
Expect Temporary Redness and Peeling
After your treatment, redness and swelling typically peak within 48–72 hours, followed by light peeling or flaking as new, healthy skin emerges.
Enjoy Clearer, Healthier Skin
As inflammation subsides, you’ll notice fewer breakouts, improved tone and texture, and healthier, smoother skin. Follow-up treatments may be recommended for ongoing acne control or actinic keratosis management. Individual results may vary.
Our Renowned Dermatologists
We are proud to share that Dr. Goldman, Dr. Butterwick, Dr. Groff, Dr. Fabi, & Dr. Boen have once again been recognized as Castle Connolly Top Doctors in 2026!
Cosmetic Laser Dermatology has been voted Best Cosmetic Dermatology Practice in San Diego Magazine’s 2026 “Best of San Diego” readers’ poll!
Dr. William Groff was voted Best Cosmetic Dermatologist, Best Cosmetic Surgeon, and Best Dermatologist for 4 consecutive years by the San Diego Reader Best Poll.
Dr. Mitchel Goldman was voted #1 Cosmetic Dermatologist in America by Newsweek
Dr. William Groff was voted Best Cosmetic Dermatologist and Best Cosmetic Surgeon for 9 consecutive years by the San Diego U-T Best Readers Poll.
Drs. Goldman, Butterwick, and Fabi made the top 8 in Newsweek’s Best Cosmetic Dermatologists in America for the last two years in a row
Voted in the top 10% of Realself Doctors by achieving high patient satisfaction and getting favorable feedback on Q&A
Dr. William Groff was voted Best Dermatologist for 10 consecutive years and Best Cosmetic Surgeon for 9 consecutive years by the La Jolla Light Best Readers Poll.
Drs. Goldman, Butterwick, Groff, Fabi, and Boen were named Castle Connolly Top Doctors in 2025, making us one of the Top 3 Practices in California with the most Castle Connolly Top Doctors in Dermatology.
Dr. Boen has been recognized as a Top Doctor in 2023 and 2024 by San Diego County Medical Society.
Dr. Butterwick, is a distinguished facial cosmetic surgeon certified by the American Board of Facial
Cosmetic Surgery (ABFCS).
In 2026, Mitchel P. Goldman, MD, FAAD, received the Richard E. Fitzpatrick, MD Award from Masters of Aesthetics in recognition of his contributions to cosmetic dermatology and laser medicine. The honor reflects his longstanding leadership in research, physician education, and advancing aesthetic treatment.
Sabrina Fabi, MD has been named a finalist for Pioneer of the Year – Healthcare with San Diego Magazine’s Celebrating Women 2026
Photodynamic Therapy FAQs
PDT may be an alternative for some patients who want to treat active acne without systemic isotretinoin. It is performed in the office and targets oil gland activity, acne related inflammation, and acne causing bacteria within the treatment area. The appropriate choice depends on acne severity, previous treatment response, medical history, and the likelihood of scarring.
The number of treatments varies according to the condition being addressed, its severity, the size of the treatment area, and how the skin responds. Some patients may benefit from one session, while acne, extensive actinic damage, or recurring concerns may require a planned series. Your dermatologist will recommend a schedule after examining your skin.
Cost depends on the size and location of the treatment area, the condition being treated, the medication and activation method used, and the number of sessions recommended. A consultation is needed to determine the appropriate treatment plan and provide an accurate estimate. Cosmetic Laser Dermatology will also explain which costs are considered cosmetic and which may qualify for insurance review.
Coverage may be available when PDT is considered medically necessary for a diagnosed condition such as actinic keratoses, but benefits vary by insurance plan. Coverage may also depend on the diagnosis, treatment area, prior treatments, and authorization requirements. Cosmetic uses of PDT and acne treatment are NOT covered.
PDT primarily treats active acne rather than established acne scars. By reducing inflammatory breakouts, it may help limit the formation of new scars, but it does not directly correct existing depressions or raised scar tissue. Patients with established scars may need laser, light, and energy devices, RF microneedling, subcision, fillers, or a combination approach.
PDT uses a topical photosensitizing medication that is activated by a selected light source or sources to create a controlled reaction within targeted cells or oil glands. IPL delivers multiple wavelengths of light without requiring a photosensitizer and is commonly used to address redness, pigmentation, sun damage, and selected acne related concerns. IPL may also be chosen as one activation source during certain PDT treatments.
Patients must avoid direct sunlight and strong light exposure for the period specified by their dermatologist because the medication can temporarily make treated skin highly sensitive to light. Current Cosmetic Laser Dermatology instructions require strict sunlight avoidance for 24 to 48 hours, although the exact period depends on the photosensitizing medication and treatment plan. Patients should follow the written instructions they receive rather than relying on a general recovery timeframe.
PDT and blue light therapy are related but are not always the same treatment. Blue light can be used to activate a photosensitizing medication during photodynamic therapy, but it may also be used independently without a photosensitizer. PDT typically involves medication application, an incubation period, and controlled activation with blue light, red light, IPL, or another selected light source. Your physician will explain the differences between these and other treatments.
Treating active inflammatory acne may lower the risk of future scarring by reducing the breakouts and inflammation that can damage deeper skin structures. However, PDT does not remove existing ice pick, boxcar, rolling, or raised scars. Established acne scars generally require laser resurfacing, RF microneedling, subcision, fillers, or combination treatment.
Neither treatment is automatically better because PDT and Accure address acne through different technologies. PDT uses a topical photosensitizing medication activated by a controlled light source, while Accure uses a 1726nm laser wavelength to target overactive sebaceous glands. A board-certified dermatologist can determine which option better matches the patient’s acne type, treatment history, and recovery preferences.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) treats a variety of skin conditions, including acne, sun damage, actinic keratoses, superficial skin cancer and uneven texture. It helps clear pores, kill bacteria, and improve overall skin tone and quality.
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Most patients recover within 5–7 days, with redness subsiding and smoother, clearer skin revealed. Sunscreen and gentle moisturizers are essential during healing.
Yes—when performed by a qualified dermatologist. At Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, we adjust laser settings and light exposure to suit your skin type safely and effectively.
Absolutely. Our experts often combine PDT with light resurfacing, chemical peels, or Take10 for comprehensive skin rejuvenation and long-term results. We frequently combine PDT with, blue light, pulse-dye lasers, and IPL to maximize results.
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